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Advanced Biology Practice Tests

These Grade 12 Science practice tests develop Advanced Biology skills through questions on cells, molecules, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, and experimental design.

Skills covered

  • Explaining ATP, enzymes, membranes, osmosis, organelles, gene expression, cell-cycle regulation, and homeostasis
  • Analyzing inheritance, DNA replication, mutation, PCR, gel electrophoresis, gene editing, epigenetics, and pedigrees
  • Applying natural selection, genetic drift, speciation, common ancestry, population models, energy flow, cycles, symbiosis, and biodiversity
  • Connecting nervous, endocrine, immune, renal, respiratory, circulatory, and muscular systems to physiological regulation
  • Evaluating controls, variables, replication, statistics, correlation, sample size, graphs, ethics, limitations, and conclusions

How to use these practice tests

Identify the biological process, then connect the structure, mechanism, and outcome. For data questions, distinguish what the evidence supports from claims that require additional experiments.

For more Grade 12 Science practice, return to the Grade 12 Science category.

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1. Test

Grade 12 Advanced Biology Practice Tests

Practice Grade 12 Science questions about cell biology, molecular biology, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, and experimental design.

Choose the best answer. Apply the biological principle, connect structure to function, and interpret evidence without extending conclusions beyond the data.

10 Questions
0/10 Questions0 %
Correct 0
Incorrect 0
Unanswered 10
1. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the primary role of ATP in a cell?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is It transfers usable energy to cellular processes.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question concerns cells, molecules, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, or experimental design.
  2. Apply the biological principle: ATP couples energy released by cellular reactions to work such as transport, movement, and biosynthesis.
  3. Connect structure and function: The correct answer is It transfers usable energy to cellular processes.

ATP couples energy released by cellular reactions to work such as transport, movement, and biosynthesis.

2. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is The region where a substrate binds and the reaction is facilitated.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question concerns cells, molecules, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, or experimental design.
  2. Apply the biological principle: The active site has a shape and chemical environment that allow particular substrates to bind and react.
  3. Connect structure and function: The correct answer is The region where a substrate binds and the reaction is facilitated.

The active site has a shape and chemical environment that allow particular substrates to bind and react.

3. QuestionMultiple choice

What does the fluid mosaic model describe?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is A flexible lipid bilayer containing moving proteins and other components.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question concerns cells, molecules, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, or experimental design.
  2. Apply the biological principle: The membrane is fluid because lipids and many proteins can move laterally, and mosaic because it contains varied components.
  3. Connect structure and function: The correct answer is A flexible lipid bilayer containing moving proteins and other components.

The membrane is fluid because lipids and many proteins can move laterally, and mosaic because it contains varied components.

4. QuestionMultiple choice

What happens to an animal cell placed in a hypotonic solution?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is Water tends to enter the cell by osmosis.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question concerns cells, molecules, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, or experimental design.
  2. Apply the biological principle: A hypotonic solution has lower solute concentration outside, so water moves into the cell across the membrane.
  3. Connect structure and function: The correct answer is Water tends to enter the cell by osmosis.

A hypotonic solution has lower solute concentration outside, so water moves into the cell across the membrane.

5. QuestionMultiple choice

What is a major function of mitochondria?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is Producing much of the cell’s ATP through cellular respiration.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question concerns cells, molecules, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, or experimental design.
  2. Apply the biological principle: Mitochondria use energy from nutrients to generate ATP through pathways including the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
  3. Connect structure and function: The correct answer is Producing much of the cell’s ATP through cellular respiration.

Mitochondria use energy from nutrients to generate ATP through pathways including the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.

6. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the function of a ribosome?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is Synthesizing proteins from messenger RNA instructions.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question concerns cells, molecules, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, or experimental design.
  2. Apply the biological principle: Ribosomes translate the sequence of codons in messenger RNA into a chain of amino acids.
  3. Connect structure and function: The correct answer is Synthesizing proteins from messenger RNA instructions.

Ribosomes translate the sequence of codons in messenger RNA into a chain of amino acids.

7. QuestionMultiple choice

What is transcription?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is The synthesis of RNA using a DNA template.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question concerns cells, molecules, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, or experimental design.
  2. Apply the biological principle: During transcription, RNA polymerase uses one DNA strand to produce a complementary RNA molecule.
  3. Connect structure and function: The correct answer is The synthesis of RNA using a DNA template.

During transcription, RNA polymerase uses one DNA strand to produce a complementary RNA molecule.

8. QuestionMultiple choice

What is translation?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is The use of messenger RNA to assemble a polypeptide.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question concerns cells, molecules, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, or experimental design.
  2. Apply the biological principle: During translation, ribosomes read messenger RNA codons and add the corresponding amino acids to a growing polypeptide.
  3. Connect structure and function: The correct answer is The use of messenger RNA to assemble a polypeptide.

During translation, ribosomes read messenger RNA codons and add the corresponding amino acids to a growing polypeptide.

9. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the purpose of a cell-cycle checkpoint?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is To verify conditions such as DNA integrity before the cell proceeds.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question concerns cells, molecules, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, or experimental design.
  2. Apply the biological principle: Checkpoints help regulate division and can stop progression when DNA damage or other problems are detected.
  3. Connect structure and function: The correct answer is To verify conditions such as DNA integrity before the cell proceeds.

Checkpoints help regulate division and can stop progression when DNA damage or other problems are detected.

10. QuestionMultiple choice

What is homeostasis?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is Maintaining relatively stable internal conditions despite external changes.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question concerns cells, molecules, genetics, evolution, ecology, physiology, or experimental design.
  2. Apply the biological principle: Homeostasis uses regulatory mechanisms to keep variables such as temperature, pH, and glucose within suitable ranges.
  3. Connect structure and function: The correct answer is Maintaining relatively stable internal conditions despite external changes.

Homeostasis uses regulatory mechanisms to keep variables such as temperature, pH, and glucose within suitable ranges.

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