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Georgia State Assessments · Georgia Milestones EOC · Biology

Georgia Milestones Biology EOC Practice Test

Build high school Georgia Milestones Biology readiness with five focused 10-question practice sets for cells, genetics, evolution, ecology, energy flow, and scientific modeling.

Georgia Milestones Biology EOC practice sets

This Georgia Milestones Biology EOC Practice Test page provides five short practice sets with 10 original multiple-choice questions each. The sets cover cells, biomolecules, homeostasis, cell division, genetics, inheritance, evolution, natural selection, ecology, energy flow, population dynamics, and scientific modeling.

Biology EOC skills covered

  • Explaining cell structures, membrane transport, biomolecules, enzymes, ATP, homeostasis, and cellular organization
  • Applying mitosis, meiosis, Mendelian inheritance, mutations, DNA, genes, chromosomes, and genetic variation
  • Using evidence from adaptations, natural selection, fossils, molecular comparisons, and phylogenetic relationships
  • Analyzing food webs, energy transfer, nutrient cycles, population growth, carrying capacity, competition, and ecosystem change
  • Interpreting experimental data, evaluating claims, comparing models, and identifying limitations in biological investigations

How to use this page

Complete one 10-question set at a time. Identify the biological process, use evidence from the prompt, distinguish variables and controls, and check vocabulary before reviewing the explanation.

This is supplemental State Test Practice, State Assessment Practice, and Standardized Test Practice for Georgia Milestones Biology preparation. Course pathways, standards, calculator policies, and assessment details can change, so check current Georgia Department of Education guidance before test day.

Review the Georgia State Test Practice hub, the Georgia State Assessments category, and the official Georgia Milestones Assessment System for current information.

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Georgia Milestones Biology EOC Practice Questions

A 10-question Georgia Milestones Biology EOC practice set on evolution, natural selection, and classification, with answers and explanations.

Read each biology situation carefully, identify the evidence or process involved, choose the best answer, and review the explanation after responding.

10 Questions
0/10 Questions0 %
Correct 0
Incorrect 0
Unanswered 10
1. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the basic mechanism of natural selection?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is Individuals with advantageous inherited traits leave more offspring..

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: Natural selection changes allele frequencies when inherited traits affect survival and reproduction.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

Natural selection changes allele frequencies when inherited traits affect survival and reproduction.

2. QuestionMultiple choice

A population of insects becomes resistant to a pesticide after many generations. What best explains this change?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is Resistant insects survived and reproduced more successfully..

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: Preexisting or newly occurring heritable variation can allow resistant insects to survive and pass the trait to offspring.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

Preexisting or newly occurring heritable variation can allow resistant insects to survive and pass the trait to offspring.

3. QuestionMultiple choice

What is a mutation?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: A mutation is a change in DNA sequence; its effects can be harmful, neutral, or beneficial.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

A mutation is a change in DNA sequence; its effects can be harmful, neutral, or beneficial.

4. QuestionMultiple choice

Which evidence most directly supports common ancestry among species?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is Homologous structures with similar underlying anatomy.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: Homologous structures can reflect inheritance from a common ancestor even when their functions differ.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

Homologous structures can reflect inheritance from a common ancestor even when their functions differ.

5. QuestionMultiple choice

What does a phylogenetic tree show?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is Hypothesized evolutionary relationships among organisms.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: A phylogenetic tree represents hypotheses about shared ancestry and branching relationships.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

A phylogenetic tree represents hypotheses about shared ancestry and branching relationships.

6. QuestionMultiple choice

Two species have very similar DNA sequences. What is the most reasonable inference?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is They may share a relatively recent common ancestor..

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: Greater molecular similarity can provide evidence of a closer evolutionary relationship.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

Greater molecular similarity can provide evidence of a closer evolutionary relationship.

7. QuestionMultiple choice

What is an adaptation?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is An inherited trait that improves survival or reproduction in a particular environment.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: An adaptation is a heritable feature that can increase fitness in a specific environment.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

An adaptation is a heritable feature that can increase fitness in a specific environment.

8. QuestionMultiple choice

Why does genetic variation help a population respond to environmental change?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is Some individuals may have traits that improve survival under new conditions..

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: Variation gives natural selection differences on which it can act.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

Variation gives natural selection differences on which it can act.

9. QuestionMultiple choice

What can fossil succession show when older and younger rock layers are compared?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is Changes in organisms over geologic time.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: Fossils in different layers provide evidence of organisms and traits changing through time.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

Fossils in different layers provide evidence of organisms and traits changing through time.

10. QuestionMultiple choice

A bird population has different beak shapes, and each shape is most successful with a different food source. What may result over time?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is Natural selection can maintain variation or contribute to divergence..

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: Different ecological conditions can favor different inherited traits and influence population divergence.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

Different ecological conditions can favor different inherited traits and influence population divergence.

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Frequently asked questions about Georgia Milestones Biology EOC Practice

What does this Biology EOC page cover?

The page provides supplemental practice for cells, biomolecules, homeostasis, genetics, inheritance, evolution, natural selection, ecology, energy flow, population dynamics, scientific investigations, and modeling.

How many questions are included?

There are five practice sets with 10 questions each, for 50 questions in total. Each set can be completed separately.

Are these official Georgia Milestones Biology questions?

No. These are original supplemental practice questions and do not reproduce secure assessment content. Check the Georgia Department of Education for current course pathways, standards, blueprints, accommodations, calculator policies, and testing procedures.