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Georgia State Assessments · Georgia Milestones EOC · Biology

Georgia Milestones Biology EOC Practice Test

Build high school Georgia Milestones Biology readiness with five focused 10-question practice sets for cells, genetics, evolution, ecology, energy flow, and scientific modeling.

Georgia Milestones Biology EOC practice sets

This Georgia Milestones Biology EOC Practice Test page provides five short practice sets with 10 original multiple-choice questions each. The sets cover cells, biomolecules, homeostasis, cell division, genetics, inheritance, evolution, natural selection, ecology, energy flow, population dynamics, and scientific modeling.

Biology EOC skills covered

  • Explaining cell structures, membrane transport, biomolecules, enzymes, ATP, homeostasis, and cellular organization
  • Applying mitosis, meiosis, Mendelian inheritance, mutations, DNA, genes, chromosomes, and genetic variation
  • Using evidence from adaptations, natural selection, fossils, molecular comparisons, and phylogenetic relationships
  • Analyzing food webs, energy transfer, nutrient cycles, population growth, carrying capacity, competition, and ecosystem change
  • Interpreting experimental data, evaluating claims, comparing models, and identifying limitations in biological investigations

How to use this page

Complete one 10-question set at a time. Identify the biological process, use evidence from the prompt, distinguish variables and controls, and check vocabulary before reviewing the explanation.

This is supplemental State Test Practice, State Assessment Practice, and Standardized Test Practice for Georgia Milestones Biology preparation. Course pathways, standards, calculator policies, and assessment details can change, so check current Georgia Department of Education guidance before test day.

Review the Georgia State Test Practice hub, the Georgia State Assessments category, and the official Georgia Milestones Assessment System for current information.

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Georgia Milestones Biology EOC Practice Questions

A 10-question Georgia Milestones Biology EOC practice set on cell division, genetics, and inheritance, with answers and explanations.

Read each biology situation carefully, identify the evidence or process involved, choose the best answer, and review the explanation after responding.

10 Questions
0/10 Questions0 %
Correct 0
Incorrect 0
Unanswered 10
1. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the main result of mitosis in a multicellular organism?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is Two genetically similar daughter cells.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: Mitosis produces two daughter cells that generally have the same chromosome number and genetic information as the parent cell.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

Mitosis produces two daughter cells that generally have the same chromosome number and genetic information as the parent cell.

2. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the main purpose of meiosis?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is To produce haploid gametes with genetic variation.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: Meiosis produces haploid gametes and increases variation through crossing over and independent assortment.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

Meiosis produces haploid gametes and increases variation through crossing over and independent assortment.

3. QuestionMultiple choice

If a pea plant has genotype Tt, how should the genotype be described?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is Heterozygous.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: A Tt genotype contains two different alleles, so it is heterozygous.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

A Tt genotype contains two different alleles, so it is heterozygous.

4. QuestionMultiple choice

In a cross between two heterozygous tall plants, Tt × Tt, what fraction of offspring is expected to be tt?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is One-fourth.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: The Punnett square produces TT, Tt, Tt, and tt, so one of four offspring is expected to be tt.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

The Punnett square produces TT, Tt, Tt, and tt, so one of four offspring is expected to be tt.

5. QuestionMultiple choice

What does a gene provide instructions for producing?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is A functional product such as a protein or functional RNA.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: A gene contains information used to produce a functional protein or RNA molecule.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

A gene contains information used to produce a functional protein or RNA molecule.

6. QuestionMultiple choice

A DNA sequence changes by one nucleotide, but the coded amino acid does not change. Which mutation is this?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is A silent mutation.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: A silent mutation changes a codon without changing the amino acid specified.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

A silent mutation changes a codon without changing the amino acid specified.

7. QuestionMultiple choice

During which process can homologous chromosomes exchange segments of DNA?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is Crossing over during meiosis.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: Crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes during meiosis and creates new allele combinations.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

Crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes during meiosis and creates new allele combinations.

8. QuestionMultiple choice

Which statement best describes the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is Genes are DNA segments located on chromosomes..

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: A gene is a segment of DNA, and chromosomes organize DNA in cells.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

A gene is a segment of DNA, and chromosomes organize DNA in cells.

9. QuestionMultiple choice

A child inherits one allele for a trait from each biological parent. What determines the child genotype?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is The pair of alleles received for the gene.

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: The genotype is the combination of alleles inherited for a gene.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

The genotype is the combination of alleles inherited for a gene.

10. QuestionMultiple choice

Why can siblings have different combinations of inherited traits?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is Meiosis and fertilization create different allele combinations..

  1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the question focuses on cells, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific modeling.
  2. Use evidence and vocabulary: Independent assortment, crossing over, and random fertilization can produce different combinations of parental alleles.
  3. Check the conclusion: Confirm that the selected answer matches the biological relationship, process, or evidence described in the Georgia Milestones Biology EOC task.

Independent assortment, crossing over, and random fertilization can produce different combinations of parental alleles.

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Frequently asked questions about Georgia Milestones Biology EOC Practice

What does this Biology EOC page cover?

The page provides supplemental practice for cells, biomolecules, homeostasis, genetics, inheritance, evolution, natural selection, ecology, energy flow, population dynamics, scientific investigations, and modeling.

How many questions are included?

There are five practice sets with 10 questions each, for 50 questions in total. Each set can be completed separately.

Are these official Georgia Milestones Biology questions?

No. These are original supplemental practice questions and do not reproduce secure assessment content. Check the Georgia Department of Education for current course pathways, standards, blueprints, accommodations, calculator policies, and testing procedures.