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Grade 7 Science · Genetics and Heredity

Grade 7 Genetics and Heredity Practice Test

Build Grade 7 Science skills with five 10-question practice tests on DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, Punnett squares, mutations, variation, and heredity.

Genetics and Heredity Practice Tests

These Grade 7 Science practice tests use original questions to build genetics and heredity skills. Students practice DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, genotype, phenotype, dominant and recessive traits, Punnett squares, pedigrees, mutations, genetic variation, gene expression, and environment-trait relationships.

Skills covered

  • Explaining how DNA, genes, chromosomes, and alleles relate to one another
  • Distinguishing genotype, phenotype, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, and recessive patterns
  • Using Punnett squares and probabilities to model possible inherited traits
  • Interpreting pedigrees and evidence from family or twin studies
  • Explaining mutations, genetic variation, gene expression, and selective breeding
  • Separating inherited information from environmental effects and acquired changes

How to use these practice tests

For each question, identify the genetic structure or inheritance pattern first. When a cross is given, list the possible allele combinations and remember that probability predicts expected outcomes rather than guaranteeing the result for one individual or family.

For more Grade 7 Science practice, return to the Grade 7 Science category.

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1. Test

Grade 7 Genetics and Heredity Practice Tests

A 10-question Grade 7 Science practice test on DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, Punnett squares, mutations, variation, and heredity.

Read each genetics question carefully, identify the inheritance pattern or genetic structure, and choose the answer supported by the given evidence.

10 Questions
0/10 Questions0 %
Correct 0
Incorrect 0
Unanswered 10
1. QuestionMultiple choice

What molecule stores the genetic instructions used by cells?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is DNA.

  1. Identify the heredity concept: Determine whether the question asks about DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, probability, mutations, or variation.
  2. Connect genes and traits: DNA stores the instructions that help cells build proteins and carry out inherited functions.
  3. Check the evidence: Use the allele information, cross, family pattern, or observation to select the scientifically supported answer.

DNA stores the instructions that help cells build proteins and carry out inherited functions.

2. QuestionMultiple choice

What is a gene?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is A section of DNA that contains information for a trait or function.

  1. Identify the heredity concept: Determine whether the question asks about DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, probability, mutations, or variation.
  2. Connect genes and traits: A gene is a segment of DNA that provides information for a particular product, trait, or function.
  3. Check the evidence: Use the allele information, cross, family pattern, or observation to select the scientifically supported answer.

A gene is a segment of DNA that provides information for a particular product, trait, or function.

3. QuestionMultiple choice

What is a chromosome?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is A packaged structure of DNA and associated proteins.

  1. Identify the heredity concept: Determine whether the question asks about DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, probability, mutations, or variation.
  2. Connect genes and traits: Chromosomes organize long DNA molecules so genetic information can be stored and passed on.
  3. Check the evidence: Use the allele information, cross, family pattern, or observation to select the scientifically supported answer.

Chromosomes organize long DNA molecules so genetic information can be stored and passed on.

4. QuestionMultiple choice

What is an allele?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is One of the different forms of a gene.

  1. Identify the heredity concept: Determine whether the question asks about DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, probability, mutations, or variation.
  2. Connect genes and traits: Alleles are alternative forms of the same gene and can contribute to differences in a trait.
  3. Check the evidence: Use the allele information, cross, family pattern, or observation to select the scientifically supported answer.

Alleles are alternative forms of the same gene and can contribute to differences in a trait.

5. QuestionMultiple choice

What is a genotype?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is The allele combination an organism has for a trait.

  1. Identify the heredity concept: Determine whether the question asks about DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, probability, mutations, or variation.
  2. Connect genes and traits: Genotype describes the genetic combination, such as AA, Aa, or aa, for a trait.
  3. Check the evidence: Use the allele information, cross, family pattern, or observation to select the scientifically supported answer.

Genotype describes the genetic combination, such as AA, Aa, or aa, for a trait.

6. QuestionMultiple choice

What is a phenotype?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is The observable form of a trait.

  1. Identify the heredity concept: Determine whether the question asks about DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, probability, mutations, or variation.
  2. Connect genes and traits: Phenotype is what can be observed or measured, such as flower color or height.
  3. Check the evidence: Use the allele information, cross, family pattern, or observation to select the scientifically supported answer.

Phenotype is what can be observed or measured, such as flower color or height.

7. QuestionMultiple choice

What is heredity?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is The passing of genetic information from parents to offspring.

  1. Identify the heredity concept: Determine whether the question asks about DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, probability, mutations, or variation.
  2. Connect genes and traits: Heredity explains how genetic information and traits can be passed from one generation to the next.
  3. Check the evidence: Use the allele information, cross, family pattern, or observation to select the scientifically supported answer.

Heredity explains how genetic information and traits can be passed from one generation to the next.

8. QuestionMultiple choice

What is a mutation?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is A change in the DNA sequence.

  1. Identify the heredity concept: Determine whether the question asks about DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, probability, mutations, or variation.
  2. Connect genes and traits: A mutation changes the sequence of DNA and may have no effect, a harmful effect, or a beneficial effect.
  3. Check the evidence: Use the allele information, cross, family pattern, or observation to select the scientifically supported answer.

A mutation changes the sequence of DNA and may have no effect, a harmful effect, or a beneficial effect.

9. QuestionMultiple choice

What are homologous chromosomes?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is Chromosome pairs that contain genes for the same kinds of traits.

  1. Identify the heredity concept: Determine whether the question asks about DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, probability, mutations, or variation.
  2. Connect genes and traits: Homologous chromosomes carry corresponding genes, with one chromosome in the pair coming from each biological parent.
  3. Check the evidence: Use the allele information, cross, family pattern, or observation to select the scientifically supported answer.

Homologous chromosomes carry corresponding genes, with one chromosome in the pair coming from each biological parent.

10. QuestionMultiple choice

Which bases are found in DNA?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is Adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.

  1. Identify the heredity concept: Determine whether the question asks about DNA, genes, chromosomes, alleles, traits, probability, mutations, or variation.
  2. Connect genes and traits: DNA uses the four bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine to encode genetic information.
  3. Check the evidence: Use the allele information, cross, family pattern, or observation to select the scientifically supported answer.

DNA uses the four bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine to encode genetic information.

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Frequently asked questions about Grade 7 Genetics and Heredity

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Genotype is the allele combination an organism has, while phenotype is the observable or measurable trait that results from genetic information and environmental influences.

Does a Punnett square guarantee the trait of one offspring?

No. A Punnett square predicts probabilities for possible allele combinations. The actual result for one offspring can differ from the expected ratio by chance.

How many questions are on this page?

The page includes five mini tests with 10 questions each, for 50 Grade 7 Genetics and Heredity questions in total.