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Earth Systems Practice Tests

These Grade 7 Science practice tests build understanding of Earth's layers, spheres, minerals, rocks, rock cycles, plate tectonics, weathering, erosion, deposition, geologic time, and natural resources.

Skills covered

  • Describing Earth's layers and interactions among the geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere
  • Identifying minerals, rock types, the rock cycle, and mineral properties
  • Explaining divergent, convergent, and transform plate boundaries
  • Distinguishing weathering, erosion, and deposition in surface processes
  • Using fossils, layers, resources, and multiple lines of evidence to interpret Earth history

How to use these practice tests

For each question, identify the Earth layer, material, or process involved. Then connect the evidence to the movement of matter and energy over the time scale described.

For more Grade 7 Science practice, return to the Grade 7 Science category.

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1. Test

Grade 7 Earth Systems Practice Tests

Practice Grade 7 Science Earth Systems questions about Earth layers, minerals, rocks, plate tectonics, surface processes, geologic time, and resources.

Choose the best answer for each question. Review the explanation after submitting your answers.

10 Questions
0/10 Questions0 %
Correct 0
Incorrect 0
Unanswered 10
1. QuestionMultiple choice

Which layer is the thin, solid outer surface of Earth?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is The crust.

  1. Identify the Earth-system process: Determine whether the question involves Earth layers, rocks, minerals, plate movement, surface processes, resources, or geologic time.
  2. Connect the evidence: The crust is Earth's thin outer rocky layer on which continents and ocean basins are located.
  3. Check the system interaction: Earth materials and processes interact over time, so connect the observation to the layer, cycle, force, or surface change involved.

The crust is Earth's thin outer rocky layer on which continents and ocean basins are located.

2. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the mantle?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is A thick layer of hot, mostly solid rock beneath the crust.

  1. Identify the Earth-system process: Determine whether the question involves Earth layers, rocks, minerals, plate movement, surface processes, resources, or geologic time.
  2. Connect the evidence: The mantle extends beneath the crust and contains hot rock that can flow slowly over geologic time.
  3. Check the system interaction: Earth materials and processes interact over time, so connect the observation to the layer, cycle, force, or surface change involved.

The mantle extends beneath the crust and contains hot rock that can flow slowly over geologic time.

3. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the outer core mostly made of?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is Liquid iron and nickel.

  1. Identify the Earth-system process: Determine whether the question involves Earth layers, rocks, minerals, plate movement, surface processes, resources, or geologic time.
  2. Connect the evidence: The outer core is a liquid metal layer and contributes to Earth's magnetic field.
  3. Check the system interaction: Earth materials and processes interact over time, so connect the observation to the layer, cycle, force, or surface change involved.

The outer core is a liquid metal layer and contributes to Earth's magnetic field.

4. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the inner core?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is A solid metal region at the center of Earth.

  1. Identify the Earth-system process: Determine whether the question involves Earth layers, rocks, minerals, plate movement, surface processes, resources, or geologic time.
  2. Connect the evidence: The inner core is solid because of immense pressure, even though it is very hot.
  3. Check the system interaction: Earth materials and processes interact over time, so connect the observation to the layer, cycle, force, or surface change involved.

The inner core is solid because of immense pressure, even though it is very hot.

5. QuestionMultiple choice

What causes many convection currents in the mantle?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is Heat from inside Earth causes hot material to rise and cooler material to sink slowly..

  1. Identify the Earth-system process: Determine whether the question involves Earth layers, rocks, minerals, plate movement, surface processes, resources, or geologic time.
  2. Connect the evidence: Heat-driven density differences can create slow convection that contributes to plate movement.
  3. Check the system interaction: Earth materials and processes interact over time, so connect the observation to the layer, cycle, force, or surface change involved.

Heat-driven density differences can create slow convection that contributes to plate movement.

6. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the lithosphere?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is The rigid crust and uppermost mantle divided into tectonic plates.

  1. Identify the Earth-system process: Determine whether the question involves Earth layers, rocks, minerals, plate movement, surface processes, resources, or geologic time.
  2. Connect the evidence: The lithosphere is the rigid outer shell that moves as tectonic plates.
  3. Check the system interaction: Earth materials and processes interact over time, so connect the observation to the layer, cycle, force, or surface change involved.

The lithosphere is the rigid outer shell that moves as tectonic plates.

7. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the asthenosphere?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is A softer, slowly flowing layer beneath the lithosphere.

  1. Identify the Earth-system process: Determine whether the question involves Earth layers, rocks, minerals, plate movement, surface processes, resources, or geologic time.
  2. Connect the evidence: The asthenosphere can deform slowly, allowing rigid lithospheric plates to move above it.
  3. Check the system interaction: Earth materials and processes interact over time, so connect the observation to the layer, cycle, force, or surface change involved.

The asthenosphere can deform slowly, allowing rigid lithospheric plates to move above it.

8. QuestionMultiple choice

Why is Earth considered a system?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is Its parts interact through transfers of matter and energy..

  1. Identify the Earth-system process: Determine whether the question involves Earth layers, rocks, minerals, plate movement, surface processes, resources, or geologic time.
  2. Connect the evidence: Atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, and biosphere interact through processes such as weathering, cycling, and energy transfer.
  3. Check the system interaction: Earth materials and processes interact over time, so connect the observation to the layer, cycle, force, or surface change involved.

Atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, and biosphere interact through processes such as weathering, cycling, and energy transfer.

9. QuestionMultiple choice

Which sphere includes oceans, rivers, groundwater, and ice?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is The hydrosphere.

  1. Identify the Earth-system process: Determine whether the question involves Earth layers, rocks, minerals, plate movement, surface processes, resources, or geologic time.
  2. Connect the evidence: The hydrosphere includes all of Earth's water in liquid, solid, and vapor forms.
  3. Check the system interaction: Earth materials and processes interact over time, so connect the observation to the layer, cycle, force, or surface change involved.

The hydrosphere includes all of Earth's water in liquid, solid, and vapor forms.

10. QuestionMultiple choice

Which sphere includes living organisms?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is The biosphere.

  1. Identify the Earth-system process: Determine whether the question involves Earth layers, rocks, minerals, plate movement, surface processes, resources, or geologic time.
  2. Connect the evidence: The biosphere consists of Earth's living organisms and the regions where life exists.
  3. Check the system interaction: Earth materials and processes interact over time, so connect the observation to the layer, cycle, force, or surface change involved.

The biosphere consists of Earth's living organisms and the regions where life exists.

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