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Atomic Structure Practice Tests

These Grade 10 Science practice tests develop understanding of atomic models, protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic number, mass number, isotopes, ions, electron arrangements, energy levels, and atomic spectra.

Skills covered

  • Identifying the nucleus, protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic number, mass number, and neutral atoms
  • Calculating protons, neutrons, electrons, isotope mass numbers, and ion charges
  • Using valence electrons, energy levels, orbitals, Bohr models, electron clouds, and simple electron arrangements
  • Explaining ground states, excited states, photons, emission spectra, wavelength, frequency, and flame tests
  • Comparing Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, and modern quantum models of the atom

How to use these practice tests

Start with the atomic number and charge. Count protons, neutrons, and electrons carefully, then connect electron arrangement to energy, bonding, periodic position, and chemical behavior.

For more Grade 10 Science practice, return to the Grade 10 Science category.

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Grade 10 Atomic Structure Practice Tests

Practice Grade 10 Science questions about atomic models, protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic number, isotopes, ions, electron arrangements, energy levels, and spectra.

Choose the best answer. Use atomic number, mass number, charge, electron arrangements, energy levels, and atomic models to evaluate each question.

10 Questions
0/10 Questions0 %
Correct 0
Incorrect 0
Unanswered 10
1. QuestionMultiple choice

How many protons are in a carbon-14 atom?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is 6.

  1. Identify the atomic quantity: Determine whether the question asks about the nucleus, subatomic particles, atomic number, mass number, charge, electrons, or energy levels.
  2. Use the atomic model: Carbon has atomic number 6, so every carbon isotope has 6 protons.
  3. Check the calculation or relationship: The correct answer is 6.

Carbon has atomic number 6, so every carbon isotope has 6 protons.

2. QuestionMultiple choice

How many neutrons are in an oxygen-16 atom with atomic number 8?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is 8.

  1. Identify the atomic quantity: Determine whether the question asks about the nucleus, subatomic particles, atomic number, mass number, charge, electrons, or energy levels.
  2. Use the atomic model: Neutrons equal mass number minus atomic number: 16 − 8 = 8.
  3. Check the calculation or relationship: The correct answer is 8.

Neutrons equal mass number minus atomic number: 16 − 8 = 8.

3. QuestionMultiple choice

What is the mass number of an atom with 11 protons and 12 neutrons?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is 23.

  1. Identify the atomic quantity: Determine whether the question asks about the nucleus, subatomic particles, atomic number, mass number, charge, electrons, or energy levels.
  2. Use the atomic model: Mass number is the total of protons and neutrons: 11 + 12 = 23.
  3. Check the calculation or relationship: The correct answer is 23.

Mass number is the total of protons and neutrons: 11 + 12 = 23.

4. QuestionMultiple choice

A chlorine ion has 17 protons and 18 electrons. What is its charge?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is −1.

  1. Identify the atomic quantity: Determine whether the question asks about the nucleus, subatomic particles, atomic number, mass number, charge, electrons, or energy levels.
  2. Use the atomic model: One more electron than proton gives a net charge of −1.
  3. Check the calculation or relationship: The correct answer is −1.

One more electron than proton gives a net charge of −1.

5. QuestionMultiple choice

How many electrons are in Mg²⁺ if neutral magnesium has 12 electrons?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is 10.

  1. Identify the atomic quantity: Determine whether the question asks about the nucleus, subatomic particles, atomic number, mass number, charge, electrons, or energy levels.
  2. Use the atomic model: A 2+ ion has lost two electrons, so 12 − 2 = 10 electrons remain.
  3. Check the calculation or relationship: The correct answer is 10.

A 2+ ion has lost two electrons, so 12 − 2 = 10 electrons remain.

6. QuestionMultiple choice

Which notation identifies an isotope by element name and mass number?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is Carbon-14.

  1. Identify the atomic quantity: Determine whether the question asks about the nucleus, subatomic particles, atomic number, mass number, charge, electrons, or energy levels.
  2. Use the atomic model: The isotope name uses the element followed by its mass number.
  3. Check the calculation or relationship: The correct answer is Carbon-14.

The isotope name uses the element followed by its mass number.

7. QuestionMultiple choice

Why is the atomic mass on the periodic table often not a whole number?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is It is a weighted average of the masses and abundances of naturally occurring isotopes..

  1. Identify the atomic quantity: Determine whether the question asks about the nucleus, subatomic particles, atomic number, mass number, charge, electrons, or energy levels.
  2. Use the atomic model: Average atomic mass reflects the relative abundance of multiple isotopes.
  3. Check the calculation or relationship: The correct answer is It is a weighted average of the masses and abundances of naturally occurring isotopes..

Average atomic mass reflects the relative abundance of multiple isotopes.

8. QuestionMultiple choice

Which pair represents atoms of the same element?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is Atoms with 6 protons and 6 protons.

  1. Identify the atomic quantity: Determine whether the question asks about the nucleus, subatomic particles, atomic number, mass number, charge, electrons, or energy levels.
  2. Use the atomic model: Element identity depends on proton number, so both atoms with 6 protons are the same element.
  3. Check the calculation or relationship: The correct answer is Atoms with 6 protons and 6 protons.

Element identity depends on proton number, so both atoms with 6 protons are the same element.

9. QuestionMultiple choice

Which expression represents the mass number of an atom?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is Number of protons + number of neutrons.

  1. Identify the atomic quantity: Determine whether the question asks about the nucleus, subatomic particles, atomic number, mass number, charge, electrons, or energy levels.
  2. Use the atomic model: Mass number counts the nuclear particles that contribute nearly all atomic mass.
  3. Check the calculation or relationship: The correct answer is Number of protons + number of neutrons.

Mass number counts the nuclear particles that contribute nearly all atomic mass.

10. QuestionMultiple choice

An atom has 13 protons and 10 electrons. What is its net charge?

Please select an answer first.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is +3.

  1. Identify the atomic quantity: Determine whether the question asks about the nucleus, subatomic particles, atomic number, mass number, charge, electrons, or energy levels.
  2. Use the atomic model: The net charge is protons minus electrons: 13 − 10 = +3.
  3. Check the calculation or relationship: The correct answer is +3.

The net charge is protons minus electrons: 13 − 10 = +3.

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