Biology Practice Test

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is It allows some substances to cross more easily than others.

1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the prompt concerns structure and function, energy and matter, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific investigation.
2. Use the evidence: Membrane structure and transport proteins help control which molecules enter or leave a cell.
3. Check the relationship: Confirm that the answer explains the biological process or data pattern without adding unsupported claims.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is A gene contains DNA information that can help specify a protein.

1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the prompt concerns structure and function, energy and matter, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific investigation.
2. Use the evidence: Genes are DNA regions that contain information used in making functional products, including proteins.
3. Check the relationship: Confirm that the answer explains the biological process or data pattern without adding unsupported claims.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is It lowers the activation energy without being consumed by the reaction.

1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the prompt concerns structure and function, energy and matter, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific investigation.
2. Use the evidence: Enzymes are biological catalysts that help reactions proceed more readily while remaining available for reuse.
3. Check the relationship: Confirm that the answer explains the biological process or data pattern without adding unsupported claims.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is One cell divides to form two genetically similar daughter cells.

1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the prompt concerns structure and function, energy and matter, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific investigation.
2. Use the evidence: Mitosis supports growth, repair, and maintenance by producing daughter cells with matching genetic information.
3. Check the relationship: Confirm that the answer explains the biological process or data pattern without adding unsupported claims.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is The three-dimensional shape determines how the protein interacts with other molecules.

1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the prompt concerns structure and function, energy and matter, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific investigation.
2. Use the evidence: Interactions depend on molecular shape, including the fit between an enzyme and its substrate or a receptor and its signal.
3. Check the relationship: Confirm that the answer explains the biological process or data pattern without adding unsupported claims.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is Water may move into the cell by osmosis.

1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the prompt concerns structure and function, energy and matter, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific investigation.
2. Use the evidence: Water moves toward the side with the higher effective solute concentration across a selectively permeable membrane.
3. Check the relationship: Confirm that the answer explains the biological process or data pattern without adding unsupported claims.

Correct answer: C

The correct answer is It transforms light energy into stored chemical energy in organic molecules.

1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the prompt concerns structure and function, energy and matter, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific investigation.
2. Use the evidence: Photosynthesis captures light energy and helps form energy-rich carbon compounds from carbon dioxide and water.
3. Check the relationship: Confirm that the answer explains the biological process or data pattern without adding unsupported claims.

Correct answer: D

The correct answer is It transfers energy from food molecules into a form cells can use.

1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the prompt concerns structure and function, energy and matter, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific investigation.
2. Use the evidence: Cellular respiration releases usable energy as food molecules are processed, with matter and energy relationships continuing through the system.
3. Check the relationship: Confirm that the answer explains the biological process or data pattern without adding unsupported claims.

Correct answer: A

The correct answer is Temperature can change molecular motion and protein shape, altering enzyme-substrate interactions.

1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the prompt concerns structure and function, energy and matter, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific investigation.
2. Use the evidence: Enzyme activity depends on conditions that preserve useful molecular interactions; extremes can reduce function.
3. Check the relationship: Confirm that the answer explains the biological process or data pattern without adding unsupported claims.

Correct answer: B

The correct answer is A cell uses specialized structures that interact to obtain energy, process information, and maintain conditions.

1. Identify the biology concept: Determine whether the prompt concerns structure and function, energy and matter, heredity, evolution, ecology, or scientific investigation.
2. Use the evidence: Cells are systems whose components interact, linking structure, function, matter, energy, and information.
3. Check the relationship: Confirm that the answer explains the biological process or data pattern without adding unsupported claims.